Legislature(2017 - 2018)SENATE FINANCE 532

11/10/2017 08:00 AM Senate FINANCE

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08:09:10 AM Start
08:10:21 AM Overview: Sb 54 and Fiscal Notes
10:29:20 AM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ Overview: SB 54 and Fiscal Notes TELECONFERENCED
                 SENATE FINANCE COMMITTEE                                                                                       
                  FOURTH SPECIAL SESSION                                                                                        
                     November 10, 2017                                                                                          
                         8:09 a.m.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
8:09:10 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CALL TO ORDER                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  called  the  Senate  Finance  Committee                                                                    
meeting to order at 8:09 a.m.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Lyman Hoffman, Co-Chair                                                                                                 
Senator Anna MacKinnon, Co-Chair                                                                                                
Senator Click Bishop, Vice-Chair                                                                                                
Senator Peter Micciche                                                                                                          
Senator Donny Olson                                                                                                             
Senator Gary Stevens                                                                                                            
Senator Natasha von Imhof                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
None                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
ALSO PRESENT                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Senator  John  Coghill,  Sponsor,  Senate  Bill  54;  Jordan                                                                    
Shilling,  Staff,  Senator   John  Coghill;  John  Skidmore,                                                                    
Director,  Criminal   Division,  Department  of   Law;  Walt                                                                    
Monegan, Commissioner, Department  of Public Safety; Quinlan                                                                    
Steiner,  Director, Public  Defender  Agency, Department  of                                                                    
Administration; Nancy  Meade, General Counsel,  Alaska Court                                                                    
System;   Susanne   DiPietro,  Director,   Alaska   Judicial                                                                    
Council,  Advisor,   Alaska  Criminal   Justice  Commission;                                                                    
Shawnda O'Brien, Assistant  Commissioner, Finance Management                                                                    
Services, Department of Health  and Social Services; Senator                                                                    
Tom  Begich;  Senator   Bert  Stedman;  Representative  Andy                                                                    
Josephson;  Representative Gabrielle  LeDoux; Senator  Cathy                                                                    
Giessel.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
PRESENT VIA TELECONFERENCE                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Dean  Williams,  Commissioner,  Department  of  Corrections,                                                                    
Ohio; April  Wilkerson, Admin Services  Director, Department                                                                    
of Corrections, Juneau.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
SUMMARY                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
^OVERVIEW: SB 54 and FISCAL NOTES                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
8:10:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR JOHN  COGHILL, SPONSOR,  SENATE BILL  54, introduced                                                                    
himself.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon noted the legislators in the gallery.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Senator Coghill acknowledged his  wife's birthday. He stated                                                                    
that SB 54  was originally a 16 page bill  and had increased                                                                    
to a 46 page bill. He  stated that the Senate had passed the                                                                    
bill with 25 sections with  six major policies. The bill had                                                                    
returned  to  the  Senate  with 84  sections  and  24  major                                                                    
policies. He  stated that there were  113 amendments offered                                                                    
on the floor, and 28 passed.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Senator  Coghill  explained  the   policies  in  the  latest                                                                    
version of the bill.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman asked that  sections be identified. Senator                                                                    
Coghill  replied  that  he  did  not  have  the  ability  to                                                                    
identify the  sections as he  addressed the  major policies.                                                                    
He stated that he could provide the amendments.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  announced  that the  committee  had  an                                                                    
amendment  summary  and  the department  would  address  the                                                                    
issues following his testimony.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Senator  Coghill continued  to address  the policies  in the                                                                    
bill.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
8:19:07 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
JORDAN SHILLING,  STAFF, SENATOR  JOHN COGHILL,  stated that                                                                    
there  was  a  change  in   the  mental  state  required  to                                                                    
prosecute  an individual  for  riding in  a  stolen car.  He                                                                    
stated  that,  under  current  law,  the  mental  state  was                                                                    
"knowingly."   That   was    reduced   to   "with   criminal                                                                    
negligence", which  was the lowest culpable  mental state in                                                                    
statute.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Senator Coghill completed the policy  changes. He noted that                                                                    
there were  some major  changes. He  announced that  some of                                                                    
the   changes  were   easily  acceptable,   and  some   were                                                                    
problematic.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair   MacKinnon   queried  additional   comments.   Mr.                                                                    
Schilling replied that he did not have additional comments.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Senator Stevens  wondered whether there  were constitutional                                                                    
concerns.  Senator Coghill  replied that  the class  C felon                                                                    
was  the  most problematic  because  it  overlapped class  D                                                                    
felons. He stated that there  was a due process concern. The                                                                    
read,  "the end  result of  the  overlap could  be that  the                                                                    
court, reverting the sentence scheme  in place to a law made                                                                    
previously." He  restated that there  was a  substantive due                                                                    
process  issue in  an overlapping  sentence where  the lower                                                                    
crime may  have a higher  penalty than the higher  crime. He                                                                    
deferred to the  Department of Law for  more information. He                                                                    
felt that the issue would be a litigated.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon noted some  additional legislators in the                                                                    
room.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
JOHN  SKIDMORE, DIRECTOR,  CRIMINAL DIVISION,  DEPARTMENT OF                                                                    
LAW,  stated  that  the  Department   of  Law  did  see  any                                                                    
additional fiscal  impact because of the  changes. He stated                                                                    
that  the tramadol  amendment might  give the  Department of                                                                    
Law additional cases,  but those would be  absorbed into the                                                                    
department.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  stressed  that  the  bill  was  not  an                                                                    
appropriation bill.  She stated that there  were not genuine                                                                    
fiscal notes.  She remarked that  Alaskans were  not feeling                                                                    
safe,  so the  prosecution of  criminals was  important. She                                                                    
furthered that,  due to the current  fiscal situation, there                                                                    
was an  expectation that  all departments  do the  best they                                                                    
can  with  their  available   resources.  She  remarked  the                                                                    
appropriation bill would come  from the governor's budget or                                                                    
in the form  of a supplemental request  for consideration in                                                                    
the  next  legislative  cycle. She  stressed  that  all  the                                                                    
fiscal notes were  in draft form in  anticipation of actions                                                                    
by the governor in a future budget.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
8:25:26 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  queried more  information on  the fiscal                                                                    
note.  Mr.  Skidmore  replied that  the  Department  of  Law                                                                    
fiscal note  was a  zero fiscal note.  He agreed  to discuss                                                                    
the changes.  He announced that  he would address  the House                                                                    
additions  to  the bill,  rather  than  the changes  to  the                                                                    
adopted policies.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon looked at Fiscal Note 8, OMB 2202.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Skidmore stated  that Section  1  addressed the  Alaska                                                                    
Criminal Justice Commission working  with law enforcement to                                                                    
train  them on  criminal justice  reform efforts.  He stated                                                                    
that it  was a legislative  intent section, so there  was no                                                                    
fiscal  note for  the  Department of  Law.  The increase  in                                                                    
felony  property  threshold  for behaviors  like  theft  and                                                                    
criminal  mischief  was decreased  from  $1000  to $750.  He                                                                    
stated that  those cases would be  evaluated and prosecuted,                                                                    
regardless of  the threshold.  He announced  that Department                                                                    
of Law did  not support the reduction in  the threshold, but                                                                    
the  change  did  not  affect  the  fiscal  impact  for  the                                                                    
Department  of  Law. He  stated  that  the changing  of  the                                                                    
threshold was found in Sections 2, 3,  4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,                                                                    
11, 14,  15, 16, 17,  and 18.  He stated that  joyriding was                                                                    
found in  Section 12.  The change  altered the  mental state                                                                    
from "knowing"  to "criminal  negligence." He  stressed that                                                                    
cases referred to  the Department of Law  for joyriding were                                                                    
still evaluated.  The change in  the mental state  would not                                                                    
have a fiscal impact on the  Department of Law. He looked at                                                                    
Section  13, which  was a  mandatory 25  hours of  community                                                                    
work  service  for  criminal  mischief.  He  stated  that  a                                                                    
mandatory  minimum of  criminal  mischief  would not  impact                                                                    
whether there was prosecution. He  looked at Sections 24 and                                                                    
25,  which was  addition  to the  controlled substances.  He                                                                    
stated that  Department of Law  supported that  addition. He                                                                    
announced  that  Department of  Law  did  not see  a  fiscal                                                                    
impact with  that addition. He  looked at Section  26, which                                                                    
added certain C  felonies to the list of crimes  for which a                                                                    
person may be  held for up to 48 hours  to assess the flight                                                                    
risk or danger of that  individual before they were released                                                                    
on bail. That addition also did  not have a fiscal impact on                                                                    
the Department  of Law. He  addressed Section 27,  which was                                                                    
referred  to as  the  "Sober Law."  The  provision gave  the                                                                    
Supreme  Court the  authority  or requirement  to  set as  a                                                                    
condition in  a bail schedule  that someone not  be released                                                                    
until  that   person  sobered  up.  The   amendment  defined                                                                    
"sobered  up" to  a  0.08 percent  blood  alcohol level,  or                                                                    
until  a third  party was  able to  provide care.  He stated                                                                    
that there  was no  fiscal note for  the Department  of Law,                                                                    
although he  encouraged a discussion with  the Department of                                                                    
Corrections (DOC) about  that issue. He looked  at the issue                                                                    
that eliminated administrative  parole, which were addressed                                                                    
in a number  of sections. He stated that  the elimination of                                                                    
administrative   parole  had   no  fiscal   impact  on   the                                                                    
Department of Law.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
8:30:59 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair Bishop asked for a  restatement of the definition                                                                    
of "sobered  up." Mr.  Skidmore replied  that the  sober law                                                                    
allowed for the Supreme Court to  set a bail schedule with a                                                                    
condition that said,  "an individual who was  arrested for a                                                                    
crime  related to  alcohol, and  at the  time the  person is                                                                    
arrested  that person  is under  the  influence of  alcohol,                                                                    
that  person  should  not  be  released  until  one  of  two                                                                    
conditions has  been met: A)  they are below a  0.08 percent                                                                    
blood alcohol level, or B)  there was a third person capable                                                                    
of providing care to that individual with consent."                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair Bishop  surmised that  someone with below  a 0.08                                                                    
percent blood  alcohol level could drive  away. Mr. Skidmore                                                                    
replied that 0.08  percent was the legal limit  in the state                                                                    
for   driving.  He   stated  that   he  did   not  want   to                                                                    
categorically say  that it was  permissible for a  person to                                                                    
drive at  that rate, because  there was a subsection  of the                                                                    
DUI statute that addressed whether  a person was impaired to                                                                    
drive. He stated that alcohol  could affect different people                                                                    
differently.  He  remarked that  some  people  could have  a                                                                    
blood alcohol level  of below 0.08 who should  not drive. He                                                                    
furthered that  the law  stated that if  a person  was below                                                                    
0.08, there was  a legal threshold that no  one should drive                                                                    
above that level.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair  Bishop surmised  that  the bail  officer or  the                                                                    
court  would make  that  recommendation  whether the  person                                                                    
could  drive. He  stated  that the  limit  for a  commercial                                                                    
vehicle was  0.04 percent blood alcohol  level. Mr. Skidmore                                                                    
agreed. He stated that the  0.08 percent that the other body                                                                    
inserted was in response to  concerns about a condition that                                                                    
courts would  impose before the criminal  justice reform. He                                                                    
stated  that some  courts would  set a  condition that  said                                                                    
that a person should not  be released until they were sober.                                                                    
He remarked  that after the  criminal justice  reform, there                                                                    
was an examination of authority  for issuing that condition.                                                                    
He explained  that there  was concern that  there was  not a                                                                    
statutory  legal authority  to impose  such a  condition, so                                                                    
the courts no longer used that condition.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
8:35:53 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon surmised  that  there was  a process  in                                                                    
place to  address that  issue. Mr.  Skidmore replied  in the                                                                    
affirmative, but there was no final decision on the issue.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon   announced  that  the   documents  were                                                                    
available   online.  She   requested   that   there  be   an                                                                    
explanation of whether the amendments  reverted to before SB
91, or whether there was an increase in crime in statute.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Skidmore explained that the  threshold was the only item                                                                    
that went backwards. He restated  that the Department of Law                                                                    
did  not support  that  change. He  stated  that there  were                                                                    
several subsections related to administrative parole.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman  looked at  the  Class  C felonies,  where                                                                    
there was  no a  differentiation between first,  second, and                                                                    
third-time felonies. He  wondered whether the administration                                                                    
supported the house version related  to Class C felonies. He                                                                    
remarked that some of his  constituents felt that the change                                                                    
from  zero to  90  days,  and the  amount  was important  to                                                                    
consider.  He  stressed  that his  constituents  represented                                                                    
approximately 17  percent of the population,  but 60 percent                                                                    
of the population in the criminal system.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  stressed  that the  committee  was  not                                                                    
debating SB 54.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman  felt  that  it  was  an  important  point                                                                    
because  the bill  was  specifically on  the  call from  the                                                                    
governor.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
8:42:43 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Skidmore  stressed that the  Senate passed zero  to one-                                                                    
year  for  a   Class  C  felony,  which   was  requested  by                                                                    
prosecutors  and   law  enforcement.  He  stated   that  the                                                                    
Department of Law did not support the House version.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Senator  Stevens  queried  more information  about  a  lower                                                                    
crime  having a  higher penalty.  Mr. Skidmore  replied that                                                                    
the sentences should follow the severity of the crime.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Senator Micciche  referred to a question  about changes that                                                                    
became  law before  SB  91.  He used  the  example of  petty                                                                    
theft, and  increased sentences.  He asked  if the  list had                                                                    
expanded from what was stated earlier.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Skidmore explicated  that he  had  referred to  changes                                                                    
pertaining  to  amendments made  by  the  other body.  Theft                                                                    
sentences would be rolled back  further than had been set by                                                                    
the committee earlier.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Senator Micciche  clarified that  there were aspects  of the                                                                    
amended SB  54 that  needed work,  but he  did not  like the                                                                    
term "moving backwards.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
8:47:37 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Skidmore  noted that  the elimination  of administrative                                                                    
parole did not  have an impact on the Department  of Law. He                                                                    
stated  that clarifying  that a  person not  be released  on                                                                    
electronic  monitoring   after  conviction,  but   prior  to                                                                    
sentencing had  no fiscal impact  on the Department  of Law.                                                                    
He  stated that  adding  six months  before  a probation  or                                                                    
parole  officer was  required to  make a  recommendation for                                                                    
termination did not  have a fiscal impact  on the Department                                                                    
of Law. The increase in the  presumptive range for a class A                                                                    
felony, when a first responder  was the victim, did not have                                                                    
a fiscal  impact on  the Department of  Law. He  stated that                                                                    
there were a  few others, but stressed that  the changes did                                                                    
not have a fiscal impact on the Department of Law.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon felt that the  Senate version of the bill                                                                    
was  tougher on  crime. She  understood the  concern that  C                                                                    
felonies were treated differently.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
8:50:08 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  surmised that there was  a sliding scale                                                                    
for a  judge on the  Class C felonies. Mr.  Skidmore replied                                                                    
that a Class  C felony had a maximum of  five years in jail.                                                                    
He  stated  that a  first-time  C  felony, under  the  House                                                                    
version, would allow for the  judge's discretion for zero to                                                                    
two years.  He stated that  a second-time C felony  would be                                                                    
one to  four years, with  the judge's discretion.  He stated                                                                    
that a third or more offense  would be two to five years. He                                                                    
explained that each of the  ranges could be further adjusted                                                                    
based on aggravators or mitigators.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon   surmised  that  a  judge   used  their                                                                    
discretion to  apply the law  based on the  circumstances of                                                                    
an individual  case. She wondered whether  the same exercise                                                                    
was available for a judge on  a Class B felony. Mr. Skidmore                                                                    
replied that a  first B felony was zero to  five years under                                                                    
current law. He explained that  the same range for Classes B                                                                    
and C  created a  problem. He  felt that  there should  be a                                                                    
tiered structure,  so that a  lower level crime had  a lower                                                                    
tier than the  higher level crimes. He stressed  that it was                                                                    
a  policy   matter.  He   shared  that   the  administration                                                                    
recommended the Senate version, which was zero to one year.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  shared that she had  received complaints                                                                    
from people  who felt that  it was  unfair to have  the same                                                                    
sentence for each  level of felony, because  the judge would                                                                    
ultimately  make the  determination.  Mr. Skidmore  stressed                                                                    
that there  was a legal  issue to having the  sentence level                                                                    
the same  in statute.  He hoped  that the  legislature would                                                                    
find a tiered structure to avoid litigation.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:55:34 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Senator Micciche shared that he  had researched Title 11 and                                                                    
Title 12. He  had never seen so many notes  and decisions in                                                                    
precedence, and stressed that criminal  law was not a simple                                                                    
matter.  He felt  that  many aspects  of  the changes  could                                                                    
result  in a  challenge,  even though  the  Class C  changes                                                                    
seemed more  likely to be  challenged. Mr.  Skidmore replied                                                                    
that it  was correct  to say that  defendants in  a criminal                                                                    
case  could challenge  any law.  He stated  that it  did not                                                                    
necessarily mean that there was  an issue within the law. He                                                                    
was  attempting  to  make  the  distinction  that  the  same                                                                    
sentencing range for Class B and C felony was a problem.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Senator Olson  shared that  there was a  fear that  the ACLU                                                                    
would file a lawsuit. He  furthered that the legislature was                                                                    
motivated by  public outcry. He  remarked that  the judicial                                                                    
system was  less affected by  the political  motivations. He                                                                    
wondered why the courts should  not make that determination.                                                                    
Mr. Skidmore replied that it  was the prerogative to set the                                                                    
laws.   He  stressed   that  he   always  wanted   to  avoid                                                                    
litigation.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:00:17 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon shared  that  almost 10  percent of  the                                                                    
House  were  attorneys. She  had  confidence  that they  had                                                                    
thoroughly though through their votes.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Skidmore remarked that there  was a requirement that the                                                                    
Judicial Council  and the Commission study  risk factors for                                                                    
criminal  activity.  He  continued  to  address  the  fiscal                                                                    
impacts.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:06:05 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Senator  von  Imhof wondered  whether  it  was important  to                                                                    
address  the Class  C felonies  directly through  statute at                                                                    
the beginning  of session, thereby  avoiding a  lawsuit. Mr.                                                                    
Skidmore  replied that  the litigation  would already  begin                                                                    
between  the  current  day  and  the  upcoming  session.  He                                                                    
stressed that the legislature did  not normally have an easy                                                                    
process.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  wondered whether the DOL  had been asked                                                                    
the  questions in  the other  body  related to  the Class  C                                                                    
felonies.  Mr.  Skidmore replied  that  he  was never  asked                                                                    
whether it would be constitutional or have problems.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  restated that there were  four attorneys                                                                    
on the House floor.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman wondered whether  Mr. Skidmore was a member                                                                    
of the  Commission. Mr. Skidmore  replied that he was  not a                                                                    
member  of  the  Commission.  He   provided  advice  to  the                                                                    
Attorney General.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman wondered  whether any of the  issues on the                                                                    
House floor were addressed by the Commission.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
9:11:23 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
WALT  MONEGAN, COMMISSIONER,  DEPARTMENT  OF PUBLIC  SAFETY,                                                                    
introduced himself.  He announced  that he  was a  member of                                                                    
the  Commission, and  there  were many  days  of debate.  He                                                                    
remarked  that  the issue  of  the  Class  C felony  was  an                                                                    
animated  discussion.  He stated  that  he  had submitted  a                                                                    
suggestion that  it be one  year. He stated that  the police                                                                    
officers and state  troopers who had the  first contact with                                                                    
the aggressors and victims.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:16:37 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner  Monegan   highlighted  the  "sober   law."  He                                                                    
stressed that  the individuals were  always entitled  to the                                                                    
constitutional rights,  and were not guilty  until proven to                                                                    
be so.  He noted that  there was  a tragic incident  where a                                                                    
person died, because they were released while intoxicated.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon looked at Fiscal  Note 9, OMB 2325, which                                                                    
was  a zero  fiscal  note. She  wondered  whether there  the                                                                    
troopers implementing the  law. Commissioner Monegan replied                                                                    
in the affirmative.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
9:20:02 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  stressed that the Courts  should be able                                                                    
prosecute based on the current bill. Mr. Skidmore agreed.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon wondered  whether people  could be  held                                                                    
accountable  for bad  actions. Mr.  Skidmore replied  in the                                                                    
affirmative.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  stressed  that the  committee  was  not                                                                    
debating SB 54.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman remarked  that  the  Commission had  spent                                                                    
many  hours on  the issue.  He pointed  out that  there were                                                                    
issues in  SB 91 that were  attempting to address in  SB 54.                                                                    
He  stressed  that  the  legislature  knew  that  additional                                                                    
issues  needed  to be  addressed.  He  wondered whether  the                                                                    
issues on the  House floor without public  hearings could be                                                                    
better  addressed by  the  Commission. Commissioner  Monegan                                                                    
agreed,  and explained  that  the  commission meetings  were                                                                    
open to the public.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman   agreed  that  the  issues   should  have                                                                    
received more considerable debate and public input.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Monegan explained  that if litigation defaulted                                                                    
to  SB 91  there  would be  a continued  period  of time  of                                                                    
intense criminal activity.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
9:25:03 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
DEAN  WILLIAMS,  COMMISSIONER,  DEPARTMENT  OF  CORRECTIONS,                                                                    
OHIO (via teleconference), introduced himself.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon looked at the  draft fiscal note from the                                                                    
Department of  Corrections (DOC).  She remarked that  it was                                                                    
an extensive four page fiscal note.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner  Williams shared  that there  were a  number of                                                                    
changes in  the current bill.  He stressed that  there would                                                                    
be  undoubted fiscal  impacts to  the department.  He shared                                                                    
that some of the changes would increase costs.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon asked for information about Section 27.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Williams stated that  there was a working group                                                                    
to address the  issue. He stressed that there was  not yet a                                                                    
consensus on the issue. He  wanted to let the process finish                                                                    
in the working group.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon wondered  whether Commissioner  Williams                                                                    
wanted to address the fiscal note.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Williams deferred to Ms. Wilkerson.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
9:29:51 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
APRIL  WILKERSON,  ADMIN  SERVICES DIRECTOR,  DEPARTMENT  OF                                                                    
CORRECTIONS,  JUNEAU (via  teleconference), referred  to the                                                                    
draft  fiscal  analysis  that  included  all  of  the  House                                                                    
changes.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon agreed.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Ms.  Wilkerson stated  that it  was an  indeterminate fiscal                                                                    
note.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon announced  that  the  committee had  the                                                                    
draft fiscal  note. She understood  that the  House provided                                                                    
different fiscal notes.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Ms. Wilkerson explained that  the indeterminate draft fiscal                                                                    
analysis carried  a range of  impact that the  changes would                                                                    
have  on DOC  incarcerated population.  She shared  that the                                                                    
department  anticipated  from 108  persons  per  day to  208                                                                    
persons per  day, however that  number could be  impacted by                                                                    
elements of  SB 91  that had not  been implemented  or fully                                                                    
implemented  such as  the pre-trial  division and  diversion                                                                    
situations that were continuing to be developed.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon wanted to understand the fiscal note.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Ms. Wilkerson explained the fiscal note.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:37:40 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Ms. Wilkerson continued to explain the fiscal note.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  wondered  whether  there  was  data  to                                                                    
support the 75 average case  load. Ms. Wilkerson deferred to                                                                    
Commissioner Williams.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner    Williams   explained    that   it    was   a                                                                    
recommendation from the other body.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon  wondered  whether  there  was  a  state                                                                    
average  or national  average  for  case load.  Commissioner                                                                    
Williams  replied that  there was  some  national data  from                                                                    
other states, which he believed  was the basis for the other                                                                    
recommendation from the House.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  did some calculations related  to parole                                                                    
work and case load. He  wondered whether there was a typical                                                                    
or broad situation. Commissioner  Williams responded that it                                                                    
was very broad.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
9:45:30 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon remarked that she  had been told that the                                                                    
language was odd, because it  said, "the average." She noted                                                                    
that there  was a cap,  but there could be  management based                                                                    
on  the   language  included  by  the   House.  She  queried                                                                    
continued  comments  on  the   fiscal  note.  Ms.  Wilkerson                                                                    
replied that she summarized the fiscal impact.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon wondered whether  the House actions could                                                                    
be implemented,  keep people in  jail, or  correctly monitor                                                                    
those individuals.   Commissioner Williams replied  that DOC                                                                    
would  do the  best possible  to manage  whatever they  were                                                                    
given. He  stressed that the  changes would drive  the costs                                                                    
further, and  remarked that if  there may be more  people in                                                                    
the system with  the same amount of money.  He stressed that                                                                    
it was his job to keep the  prisons safe. He did not want an                                                                    
untenable situation because of lack of funding.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon remarked  that any  implementation costs                                                                    
would come in the budget proposal or a supplemental budget.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:51:08 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
QUINLAN   STEINER,   DIRECTOR,   PUBLIC   DEFENDER   AGENCY,                                                                    
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION,  introduced himself. He stated                                                                    
that  he  had been  a  member  of  the Commission  from  its                                                                    
inception. He  stated that  the recommendations  rolled back                                                                    
some  of the  reforms  and initiative  that were  originally                                                                    
recommended.  He  stated  that  the  fiscal  impact  of  the                                                                    
changes put  an upward pressure  on costs. He  remarked that                                                                    
increasing penalties increased the  amount of work necessary                                                                    
to review the case to become comfortable with negotiations.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:57:12 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Steiner noted  that he  was concerned  with the  "sober                                                                    
law." He felt  that it could create a  situation where there                                                                    
was  not  a good  relation  between  the  0.08 level  and  a                                                                    
person's safe  release on  their own.  He stated  that there                                                                    
may be a situation where a  person could not drive, but that                                                                    
does not  mean that a  person could not care  for themselves                                                                    
and going home.  He addressed the concern  about a situation                                                                    
where people were detoxing in  custody, which may not be the                                                                    
best and most  appropriate place to detox.  He stressed that                                                                    
it  was  the  reason  that  the  Commission  had  an  entire                                                                    
subcommittee  on that  one issue.  He remarked  that it  had                                                                    
broad  participation  including  health care  providers.  He                                                                    
stressed  that  the  issue crossed  a  number  of  statutory                                                                    
schemes.  He   shared  that  the  preferred   method  was  a                                                                    
commitment  proceeding   to  deal   with  someone   who  was                                                                    
intoxicated  to the  point  where they  could  not care  for                                                                    
themselves.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
10:00:01 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon   wondered  whether  there   was  advice                                                                    
offered  to the  other  body about  the  issue. Mr.  Steiner                                                                    
replied  that  he was  available  in  committee and  on  the                                                                    
floor.   He  shared   that   he   answered  questions   from                                                                    
representatives throughout the process.  He felt that he did                                                                    
not talk  to the floor  as a  whole. He could  not speculate                                                                    
about what of his comments made and impact.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  surmised that some of  the concerns were                                                                    
debated on  the House floor.  Mr. Steiner replied  that some                                                                    
of the concerns were addressed.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  wondered whether  the 25-hour  issue was                                                                    
addressed. Mr. Steiner  replied that he was  not present for                                                                    
the debate of that issue.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon wondered  whether there was participation                                                                    
in the earned compliance issue.  Mr. Steiner replied that he                                                                    
could not recall whether he offered comments on that issue.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  wanted to  understand the  House thought                                                                    
process. She  remarked that the  Senate had waited  48 hours                                                                    
to ensure that  the administration had time  to document any                                                                    
concerns. She stressed that there  was an indication by some                                                                    
that  the  process moving  too  quickly.  She remarked  that                                                                    
there  were   some  residents  of   Alaska  who   felt  that                                                                    
perpetrators had more rights than  the victims of the crime.                                                                    
She  wanted to  ensure that  all were  held accountable  for                                                                    
crimes.  She queried  comments on  that  issue. Mr.  Steiner                                                                    
stated that he was present  for the earned compliance in the                                                                    
House  Finance  Committee,  and  offered  comments  on  that                                                                    
issue. He understood  some of the concerns  about the rights                                                                    
of perpetrators.  He stated  that he had  voted for  some of                                                                    
the   recommendations,  because   the  concerns   about  the                                                                    
legitimacy and the evenness of the scheme were appropriate.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  surmised that  "voting" referred  to the                                                                    
Commission. Mr. Steiner agreed.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon wondered  whether  the  issues had  been                                                                    
properly vetted, and not quick decisions. Mr. Steiner                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
10:05:34 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman remarked that the  problems that exist as a                                                                    
result of decisions  made late at night  regarding the Class                                                                    
C felonies was  problematic, and may have  issues related to                                                                    
the  constitution.  He felt  that  reverting  to SB  91  may                                                                    
eliminate the  fixes from the  Senate. He stressed  that the                                                                    
problems with criminal behavior  would continue to exist. He                                                                    
queried the  problems in reverting  to the provisions  in SB
91  for Class  C felonies.  Mr. Steiner  replied that  there                                                                    
would be litigation  unless there would be  a resolution. He                                                                    
stressed  that there  was a  strong argument  that it  was a                                                                    
constitutional  violation, which  could  result in  striking                                                                    
that provision. He remarked that  the provision did not work                                                                    
well with the entire scheme.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman stressed  that  it was  a  major issue  in                                                                    
trying to make the correction in  SB 54. He hoped to correct                                                                    
the issue.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
10:09:51 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Senator  von Imhof  wondered whether  SB  54 statutes  would                                                                    
hold  in effect  until a  lawsuit was  settled. Mr.  Steiner                                                                    
replied that  the Public  Defender Agency  would not  file a                                                                    
lawsuit.  He stated  that motions  would be  filed in  every                                                                    
case to declare the provision unconstitutional.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Senator von  Imhof surmised  that SB 54  would be  law until                                                                    
otherwise addressed.  Mr. Steiner agreed.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair Bishop  requested a meeting about  community work                                                                    
service because he had an idea related to that issue.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Senator  Micciche wondered  whether  criminal  law could  be                                                                    
retroactively applied.   Mr. Steiner  replied that  it would                                                                    
be litigated before sentencing.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Senator Micciche  wondered whether the new  statute could be                                                                    
applied  retroactively to  cases that  were in  flux between                                                                    
the current day and passage  of new legislation. Mr. Steiner                                                                    
responded  that  lowering  the  penalties  retroactively  is                                                                    
probably permissible, but did  not normally occur. He stated                                                                    
that it was normally lowered  from current point forward. He                                                                    
stated  that raising  penalties  retroactively  was a  clear                                                                    
violation.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
10:14:33 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
NANCY   MEADE,  GENERAL   COUNSEL,   ALASKA  COURT   SYSTEM,                                                                    
announced  that the  Court System  submitted  a zero  fiscal                                                                    
note.  She stated  that, generally,  the court  was able  to                                                                    
apply  any   statutory  changes  to  sentences   lengths  or                                                                    
definitions  of   crimes.  She   noted  that  a   number  of                                                                    
provisions in  the bill would  affect the Court  System. She                                                                    
felt that there  was a virtual promise of  litigation of the                                                                    
Class  C felony  range, and  would  have a  change on  every                                                                    
Class C  felony sentencing  until it resolved.  She remarked                                                                    
that  it would  not be  resolved by  an individual  superior                                                                    
court  felony  case, but  would  likely  go to  the  Supreme                                                                    
Court.  She stated  that the  first Class  C felony  in this                                                                    
form would  have lengthy motions  on both side, and  a judge                                                                    
would  decide   the  manner   with  other   judges  deciding                                                                    
differently.  She remarked  that  some may  decide that  the                                                                    
best result  was that the  statute be invalided,  and revert                                                                    
to SB 91, in which case  that Class C felon first-timer with                                                                    
no  aggravators  would be  granted  probation  (SB 91),  and                                                                    
another  judge may  decide differently.  She felt  that with                                                                    
inconsistencies  it  would  reach  the  Supreme  Court.  She                                                                    
remarked  that  often the  legislature  would  not like  the                                                                    
Supreme  Court decision.  She looked  at  Section 27,  which                                                                    
told the  Court System  that it was  required to  include in                                                                    
the bail schedule that the  correctional facility shall test                                                                    
every person due to be  released to determine their level of                                                                    
sobriety, and  only release them  only if they were  below a                                                                    
0.08 blood alcohol level or  if someone was there to provide                                                                    
care. She  stated that the  court would take  that statutory                                                                    
direction.  She  remarked  that it  involved  a  court  rule                                                                    
change, and through  and oversight there was  not court rule                                                                    
change,  nor   the  two-thirds   vote  required   under  the                                                                    
constitution to make the rule change.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon  wondered whether Ms. Meade  had provided                                                                    
advice that  the items  be included in  the bill.  Ms. Meade                                                                    
replied  that  she  was  not in  the  committee  when  those                                                                    
provisions were  added in the House  Judicial Committee. She                                                                    
mentioned  the  problem  off  the record,  and  it  was  not                                                                    
resolved.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon wondered whether  the issue was raised in                                                                    
the House Finance Committee. Ms.  Meade replied that she did                                                                    
not address the issue in  the Finance Committee, and was not                                                                    
asked the questions in that committee.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon asked  whether  a memo  was issued.  Ms.                                                                    
Meade replied  that she did  not typically issue  memos. She                                                                    
mentioned  it to  a few  people. She  felt that  it was  the                                                                    
province of Legislative Legal to point out those problems.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Ms.  Meade looked  at the  Community Work  Service provision                                                                    
that passed on the House  Floor with very little discussion.                                                                    
She remarked  that the 24  hours of required  community work                                                                    
service  could  create  some  problems.  She  remarked  that                                                                    
community work service was unavailable  in some areas of the                                                                    
state.  She stressed  that there  must be  infrastructure or                                                                    
supervisor to ensure that the service occurred.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
10:21:44 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon remarked  that Legislative  Legal should                                                                    
have advised  the House  that a court  rule change  might be                                                                    
needed, and agreed to take it under consideration.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Senator Stevens  wondered whether  there was a  concern with                                                                    
maintaining a  job while  performing community  service. Ms.                                                                    
Meade replied  that it was not  a Commission recommendation.                                                                    
She stated that the concern was a policy issue.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
10:24:44 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
SUSANNE   DIPIETRO,  DIRECTOR,   ALASKA  JUDICIAL   COUNCIL,                                                                    
ADVISOR, ALASKA CRIMINAL  JUSTICE COMMISSION, explained some                                                                    
recommendations  issued by  the commission  in January  2017                                                                    
related to SB  91. She stated that  the recommendations were                                                                    
incorporated into  SB 54. She remarked  that many provisions                                                                    
were added and changed in the meantime.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman remarked that  his question was answered by                                                                    
the commissioner.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Ms. DiPietro stated that the  Commission recommended zero to                                                                    
90 days for the first-time Class C felony.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  MacKinnon invited  someone to  explain the  fiscal                                                                    
note.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
SHAWNDA O'BRIEN, ASSISTANT  COMMISSIONER, FINANCE MANAGEMENT                                                                    
SERVICES,   DEPARTMENT  OF   HEALTH  AND   SOCIAL  SERVICES,                                                                    
explained  the fiscal  note from  Department  of Health  and                                                                    
Social Services (DHSS).                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair MacKinnon stated that  there was an additional zero                                                                    
fiscal note.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Senator Coghill thanked the committee.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
ADJOURNMENT                                                                                                                   
10:29:20 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
The meeting was adjourned at 10:29 a.m.                                                                                         

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
SB 54 DRAFT DOC Fiscal Note 110917.pdf SFIN 11/10/2017 8:00:00 AM
SB 54
SB 54 Fiscal Impact of (H) Amendments - Summary for Senate Finance - 11.8.17.pdf SFIN 11/10/2017 8:00:00 AM
SB 54
SB 54 Amended House-Senate Changes Spreadsheet.pdf SFIN 11/10/2017 8:00:00 AM
SB 54